18F-AV-133 and 18F-AV-45 Neuroimaging Study in Dementia Syndrome---Clinical Study of Dementia with Lewy Body, Parkinson Disease with Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease and Fronto-Temporal Lobe Dementia

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia with lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson’s disease with dementia (PDD) and fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) are common causes of dementia syndrome. Among the dementia patients, AD is accounted for 50%~60% of patients and DLB affects about 20%~30% of those aged ＞ 80 years. The core features of DLB include fluctuating cognitive impairment, parkinsonism and visual hallucination. The specificity of clinical diagnoses of DLB is high (90%), but the sensitivity is variable (20%→40%). The clinical feature of DLB and PDD is very similar. Therefore, one disease or two distinct diseases between DLB and PDD is still debated. Clinically, one year rule to differentiate between the DLB and PDD is inadequate. The diagnosis of early stage of dementia syndrome remains a challenge. The progress of neuroimaging is very promising recently. Neuroimaging study revealed a relative preservation of the temporal lobe and hippocampus in DLB as compared with AD. Brain TRODAT SPECT showed decrease of uptake in the caudate and putamen in DLB and PDD patients and normal in AD patients. Brain FDG PET also showed occipital hypometabolism in DLB patients as compared with AD patients. Therefore, neuroimaging study is very helpful in the differential diagnosis of dementia syndrome particularly in the early stage. In this study, we use 18F-AV-133 and 18F-AV-45 to detect the defects in dopaminergic neurons and amyloid deposition in the cerebral hemispheres. Because [18F] has a longer half-life as compared with [11C] in PIB compound, we expect the neuromaging study can 1) fill the gap between clinical diagnosis and autopsy study, 2) can evaluate the progress pattern of amyloid deposition in diffent dementia, 3) can differentiate the diagnosis between DLB and PDD, 4) can lead to an early treatment in dementia syndrome.

Project ID:PC10007-0373
External Project ID:NSC100-2314-B182-003