The Change of Endometrial Morphology after Tamoxifen and Pentoxyphylline in Infertile Women with Thin Endometrium

In the 21st century, women have a trend toward fewer children and delay births to a later age than in previous centuries. Only one of four attempted IVF cycles results in a live birth and in one-third of failed attempts no identifiable cause is found. Some infertile couples who have good quality embryos have poor endometrial receptivity resulting in implantation failure. In clinical situation, we found a few infertile women who have thin endometrioum thickness less than 7mm inspected by transvaginal ultrasound during ovulation. Based on review of the literature, most studies have suggested that the thickness of the endometrium less than 7mm cannot be successful to achieve pregnancy. There is insufficient evidence exists to recommend most of the treatments proposed to improve pregnancy rates in thin endometrium. Some studies reported treatment with tamoxifen and pentoxifylline improves endometrium and pregnancy outcomes. Implantation window involved in endometrial receptivity and early embryo–maternal interrelationship. These include endometrial adhesion molecules (e.g., integrins), antiadhesion molecules (e.g., mucin-1), cytokines (e.g., leukemia inhibitory factor [LIF], IL-6, and so forth), growth factors, immune markers, and pinopode expression. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the change of endometrial morphology after tamoxifen and pentoxyphylline in infertile women with thin endometrium. We intend to conduct the follow studies within two year: 1. Compare the expression of endometrial morphology such as pinopode、leukemia inhibitory factor [LIF]、 IL-6 during secretary phase between infertile women with thin endometrium and fertile women 2. Assess the change of endometrial morphology after tamoxifen and pentoxifylline in infertile women with thin endometrium 3. Investigate the change of thickness of endometrium treated with tamoxifen and pentoxifylline

Project ID:PC10107-0357
External Project ID:NSC101-2314-B182-043