九二一震災受創者社會心理反應之分析--兼論「變」與「不變」間的心理社會文化意涵

　　　　　This report describes the psycho-socio-cultural effects of the devastating 921 Earthquake in 1999 as a historical stage reconstructing collective memory in Taiwan. The study was based upon initial observations from the outreach psychosocial rehabilitative programs and an empirical study undertaken three to four months after the 921 earthquake to evaluate the psychosocial reactions of 199 exposed adults (relatively equal numbers of men and women, with mean age 45.7± 10.8 years). The results of this empirical study show that, concerning view of life after the disaster, relatively equal proportions of people became more permissive, more optimistic, or stayed unchanged. In terms of reports of psychosomatic reactions during the earthquake, higher rates were found in heart pounding and speeding, dizziness, tight breathing, fear of death, as well as unreal sense of surrounding people, objects, and settings. By applying principal component factor analysis and oblimin rotation method, four first-order factors of the post-earthquake psychosocial reactions were obtained, namely, expectation of the bad happenings/recurring and intrusive imagery (posttraumatic stress reactions and depression/helplessness), psychosomatic syndromes (psychosomatic symptoms and disorganized daily activities), avoidance/numbness and dysfunctional coping. Additional analyses are being conducted of self-appreciation of changes of physical/psychological health status and interpersonal relationships and networks. The findings not only reveal the possible development of PTSD, but also demonstrate the importance of implementing psychosocial rehabilitation programs aimed at transformation of traumatic experiences at individual level as well as investigation of the process of aggregation, disaggregation, and reaggregation of collective memory in societal/national level.