人口遷移與就業

Though the studies of internal migration have accumulated a great deal of empirical findings and theoretical arguments about how people make the decision to move, the students are confused that on the one hand the gravity models present a world of regulated order1iness while on the other the migration differentials exhibit a chaotic situation where the decision to move depends on a whole set of individual characteristics. It appears that the two traditions of research have and probably would never meet each other unless efforts are made to bring them together. This paper interprets the gravity model of migration in the light of the Todaro model and relates it to the studies migration differentials. It is found that though the decision to move is a function of the relative opportunities in both the origination and destination, the function is also contingent on the characteristics of the individuals making the decision to move. A logit analysis of the probability of being employed in the urban-modern sector conditional on both the age and the schooling is presented. The results indicate that the structure of employment opportunities is the principal determinant of the probability while the level of schooling as an individual characteristic plays an important role in getting employed in the urban-modern sector.