Abstract
本研究希望透過護理人員的人體計測（Anthropometry）及肌力測試與最大可承受的搬運重量作互相比較，找出國內護理人員搬運病人能力的預測模式，作為護理人員篩選、工作設計或指派的參考數據。本研究的受試者是24位年輕護理人員，平均年齡為22.3±2.4歲，身高為157.2±4.6公分，體重為51.7±5.5公斤。使用的設備包括人體計測器、靜態肌力測量器、動態肌力測量設備及搬運作業模擬設備。結果發現以人體計測值為預測時，使用肩峰高、粗隆高及胸圍三種為變項的模式最佳；以靜態肌力作預測時，則以綜合肌力及屈背肌力為變項的模式最佳；在動態肌力方面，則以最大6呎抬舉肌力和指節到肩高抬舉肌力做預測變項為最佳；若以整合性的搬運能力作預測模式，則使用最大6呎抬舉肌力和胸圍兩項作為預測變項的預測模試最佳。受試者在其粗隆高的病床上能搬動病人可承受量為49.8±7.9公斤，80公分高病床為47.6±8.1公斤，70公分高的病床則降低至43.1±7.6公斤（P<0.05）。可見使用可調式病床，高度調整到其粗隆高最有利於護理人員之搬運作業。
Low back pain and injure are very common in all populations as well as among the nursing personnel. The prevalence of low back pain in nurses of Chang Kung Memorial Hospital of Taiwan was reported at 13.9%. The purpose of this study was to establish the handling capacity of nursing profession in prediction model through arthropometry and muscle strength, to keep the nursing management in employment screening, job design/redesign and establishment of training programs. Twenty-four young female nurses with age of 22.3±2.4 years old, body height of 157.2±4.6 cm and body weight of 51.7±5.5 kg, attended this study. The equipment used to obtain arthropometric data was based on Kys Neo Martin's arthrometeric instrument set. The muscle strengths were measured in static (isometric) state by Veritle muscle power measurement and dynamic state by Ayoubs incremental weight lifer. The maximum acceptable patient handling capacities were checked by putting simulated task through a model plastic patient (different weight by changing pieces of lead inside the body, ranged from 35 to 62 kg), using the psychophysical approach. The height of bed for handling were set at 3 conditions, fixed height at 70 cm or 80 cm, and adjustable height to the greater trochanter of each nurse. The statistic methods including stepwise regression analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncans multiple range test were used. For the prediction of maximum handling by statistical analysis, based upon the arthropometric data, the best predictors for maximum handling capacity were the acromial height, greater trochanter height and chest circumference. Based upon the static muscle strength, the combinations of static muscle strength (from arm, back. Leg, shoulder) and the back muscle strength were two best indicators. Base upon the dynamic muscle strength the 6 foot incremental lifting and knuckle height lifting scores were the two best predictors. In the either circumstance, the addition of body weight, that yielded the estimated data were accurate for prediction in all scales. The maximum acceptable patient handling capacities were found to vary with the bed height, in sequence as 49.8±7.9 kg when the bed was set to the femoral trochanter height of the nurses (90.1±3.9 cm), 47.6±8.1 kg at 80 cm bed height, and 43.1±7.6 kg at 70 cm bed height. There was no significant difference in handling capacities between the bed at 80 cm height and up to the femoral trochanter of the nurse, but significantly lower at 70 cm bed height (p<0.05). The applications of ergonomics and arthropometry to the nursing profession in the hospital should not be neglected.
Low back pain and injure are very common in all populations as well as among the nursing personnel. The prevalence of low back pain in nurses of Chang Kung Memorial Hospital of Taiwan was reported at 13.9%. The purpose of this study was to establish the handling capacity of nursing profession in prediction model through arthropometry and muscle strength, to keep the nursing management in employment screening, job design/redesign and establishment of training programs. Twenty-four young female nurses with age of 22.3±2.4 years old, body height of 157.2±4.6 cm and body weight of 51.7±5.5 kg, attended this study. The equipment used to obtain arthropometric data was based on Kys Neo Martin's arthrometeric instrument set. The muscle strengths were measured in static (isometric) state by Veritle muscle power measurement and dynamic state by Ayoubs incremental weight lifer. The maximum acceptable patient handling capacities were checked by putting simulated task through a model plastic patient (different weight by changing pieces of lead inside the body, ranged from 35 to 62 kg), using the psychophysical approach. The height of bed for handling were set at 3 conditions, fixed height at 70 cm or 80 cm, and adjustable height to the greater trochanter of each nurse. The statistic methods including stepwise regression analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncans multiple range test were used. For the prediction of maximum handling by statistical analysis, based upon the arthropometric data, the best predictors for maximum handling capacity were the acromial height, greater trochanter height and chest circumference. Based upon the static muscle strength, the combinations of static muscle strength (from arm, back. Leg, shoulder) and the back muscle strength were two best indicators. Base upon the dynamic muscle strength the 6 foot incremental lifting and knuckle height lifting scores were the two best predictors. In the either circumstance, the addition of body weight, that yielded the estimated data were accurate for prediction in all scales. The maximum acceptable patient handling capacities were found to vary with the bed height, in sequence as 49.8±7.9 kg when the bed was set to the femoral trochanter height of the nurses (90.1±3.9 cm), 47.6±8.1 kg at 80 cm bed height, and 43.1±7.6 kg at 70 cm bed height. There was no significant difference in handling capacities between the bed at 80 cm height and up to the femoral trochanter of the nurse, but significantly lower at 70 cm bed height (p<0.05). The applications of ergonomics and arthropometry to the nursing profession in the hospital should not be neglected.
| Original language | Chinese (Traditional) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 59-66 |
| Journal | 復健醫學會雜誌 |
| Volume | 24 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| State | Published - 1996 |