失能老人家庭照顧者之照顧回饋與負荷及相關因素探討

　　　　　本研究之目的旨在探討目前接受居家照顧之失能老人家庭照顧者之照顧回饋與負 荷及其相關因素。研究架構是以徐氏（民84）質性研究所建構的「尋找平衡點：影響失能 老人家庭照顧品質之照顧過程模式」為依據，再根據本研究之目的修改而成。研究工具乃使 用徐氏依其研究結果（民84）所衍生發展而成的相關量表，包括「照顧相關因素量表」、「 尋找平衡點之照顧過程量表」及「照顧者之照顧回饋與負荷量表」，上述量表在本研究中經 測試證實有可接受的信、效度。本研究為描述性相關性研究，採結構式問卷調查法，由台灣 北部地區11個居家護理機構之收案對象進行立意選樣，共訪得有效樣本97對65歲以上失能老 人及其主要照顧者。所得資料採用SPSS統計軟體進行描述性統計及複迴顧等分析。結果顯示 ，多數照顧者屬於照顧回饋與負荷連續線上的中上程度。在影響照顧者照顧回饋與負荷的重 要預測變項方面發現：『照顧者性別』為女性、『照顧者不須放棄工作』以及在『尋找平衡 點之照顧過程』中愈能兼顧互相競爭之需求的照顧者,照顧者之照顧回饋愈多、負荷愈小,相 關因素的總解釋變量達24％。
　　　　　The prupose of this study was to explore the caregiver"s burden and rewards and its related factors of family care to frail elders recelving home nursing services.The conceptual framework of this study were developed form shyu's (1995) model of family care quality.The instruments used in the study were developed form Shyu"s qualitative data.Acceptable reliability and validity of these instruments were found.Ninety-seven frail elders and their caregivers from eleven home care age- ncies in Northen Taiwan received onetime structured interviews.Descriptive statistics.Pearson's correlation,independent sample t-test,ANOVA,and multiple regression were used to analyze te data.Findings revealed that caregiver's burden and reward were above average.Famale caregivers,caregivers who had not quit their job,and caregivers being better at finding a balance point had less caregiver burden and more caregiving rewards.The variance of overall careg- iver's burden and reward accounted for by related factors was 24％. Findings of this study provide nurses with knowledge about the current status of caregiver's burden and reward and its related factors.Home health nursing interventions can be developed to reduce cargiver's burden and increase caregiving reward according to these findings.Cross-sectional design which failed to capture the longitudinal changes in caregiver's burden and rewards,and using small and non random sample were the limitations of this study.