腦性麻痺病童父母親之壓力

本研究主要目的乃是探討腦性麻痺患孩父母親在養育患孩過程中的壓力源，並比較兩者對壓力感受之差異。採描述性相關研究設計，以立意取樣法，於北部某醫學中心、某腦性麻痺協會及2所兒童發展中心進行問卷調查。結果顯示：在壓力類別方面，父母親均以「來自患孩照護的壓力」得分最高，但父親感受壓力次高為「來自社會環境及經濟上的壓力」，母親則為「來自本身及與家人互動溝通的壓力」，而兩者總壓力得分無明顯差異。壓力預測方面，來自患孩照護的壓力，父親以「缺陷總數」、「家庭月收入」，母親以「缺陷總數」、「家庭型態」、「教育程度」、「患孩對復健治療接受度」為顯著預測變項，共解釋18.2％與59.2％的變異量。來自社會環境及經濟上的壓力，父親以「家庭月收入」、「僱用保姆」、「家庭型態」、「教育程度」，母親以「家庭型態」、「缺陷總數」、「疾病型態」為顯著預測變項，共解釋23.8％與13.8％的變異量。本研究結果可以使醫療人員能更深入了解父母親的需求，進而提供符合患孩與父母親需要的照護，協助減輕其壓力感受，使患孩及父母親能享有更佳的生活品質。
The purposes of this research were to explore the sources of stress by parents breeding the cerebral palsy-affected children, and to compare the difference between fathers and mothers about their perceived stress. A descriptive research was used with a purposive sampling. Parents from a medical center, an association of cerebral palsy, and two children development centers in the northern Taiwan were recruited. Result indicated that in the stress scoring, there is no significant difference between fathers and mothers. In the stress classification, both fathers and mothers score the highest points by "the stress from caretaking of the ill children," with fathers score the second highest points by "the stress from social environments and economy" and mothers by "stress from themselves and communicating with the family." Regarding the stress from caretaking of the ill children, relevant defects number, monthly family income were significant predicting variables for fathers, explaining 18.2% of variance; relevant defects number, family type, education level, and the receptivity of ill children toward rehabilitation cure were significant predicting variables for mothers, explaining 59.2% of variance. Regarding the stress from the social environment and economy, monthly family income, employment of babysitters, family type and education level were significant predicting variables for fathers, explaining 23.8% of variance; family type, relevant defects number and the types of diseases was significant predicting variables explaining 13.8% of variance. Results of this research can help medical and nursing staff explore and assess the needs of the disabled children and their parents, offer them individual-specific caring, lessen their perceived stress, assisting the disabled children and their parents to enjoy better quality of life.