A High-Gain Series-Parallel Millimeter-Wave SIW Cavity-Backed Patch Array

Wenlei Wang; Huayan Jin; Lekai Zhou; Kuo Sheng Chin; Guo Qing Luo

doi:10.26866/jees.2025.2.r.285

A High-Gain Series-Parallel Millimeter-Wave SIW Cavity-Backed Patch Array

Wenlei Wang, Huayan Jin^*, Lekai Zhou, Kuo Sheng Chin, Guo Qing Luo

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Electronic Engineering

Hangzhou Dianzi University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal Article › peer-review

Abstract

This paper presents a wideband and high-gain 4 × 4 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch array with a simplified feeding network for operation in the millimeter-wave (mmW) band. Furthermore, to improve gain and suppress the sidelobe level, a stepped waveguide horn is vertically integrated with each SIW cavity-backed patch. The proposed 4 × 4 array comprises eight series of 2 × 1 subarrays and a simplified 4-way power distribution network. In addition, two types of series-parallel 4 × 1 subarrays are examined to achieve a low sidelobe level. For verification, the proposed 4 × 4 antenna array was fabricated and measured, with the results showing good agreement with the simulations. The fabricated array prototype realized a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 14.7% in the 24–27.8 GHz frequency band, with a peak gain of 22.05 dBi. Overall, based on its advantages—wide band, high gain, low cost, and compact feeding network—the proposed array can be considered a potential candidate for use in mmW wireless applications.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	137-143
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
Volume	25
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.26866/jees.2025.2.r.285
State	Published - 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science.

Keywords

Cavity-Backed Patch
High Gain
Millimeter-Wave (mmW)
Stepped Waveguide Horn
Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW)

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10.26866/jees.2025.2.r.285

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title = "A High-Gain Series-Parallel Millimeter-Wave SIW Cavity-Backed Patch Array",

abstract = "This paper presents a wideband and high-gain 4 × 4 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch array with a simplified feeding network for operation in the millimeter-wave (mmW) band. Furthermore, to improve gain and suppress the sidelobe level, a stepped waveguide horn is vertically integrated with each SIW cavity-backed patch. The proposed 4 × 4 array comprises eight series of 2 × 1 subarrays and a simplified 4-way power distribution network. In addition, two types of series-parallel 4 × 1 subarrays are examined to achieve a low sidelobe level. For verification, the proposed 4 × 4 antenna array was fabricated and measured, with the results showing good agreement with the simulations. The fabricated array prototype realized a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 14.7% in the 24–27.8 GHz frequency band, with a peak gain of 22.05 dBi. Overall, based on its advantages—wide band, high gain, low cost, and compact feeding network—the proposed array can be considered a potential candidate for use in mmW wireless applications.",

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author = "Wenlei Wang and Huayan Jin and Lekai Zhou and Chin, {Kuo Sheng} and Luo, {Guo Qing}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. {\textcopyright} Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science.",

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volume = "25",

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AU - Jin, Huayan

AU - Zhou, Lekai

AU - Chin, Kuo Sheng

AU - Luo, Guo Qing

N1 - Publisher Copyright: This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science.

PY - 2025

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N2 - This paper presents a wideband and high-gain 4 × 4 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch array with a simplified feeding network for operation in the millimeter-wave (mmW) band. Furthermore, to improve gain and suppress the sidelobe level, a stepped waveguide horn is vertically integrated with each SIW cavity-backed patch. The proposed 4 × 4 array comprises eight series of 2 × 1 subarrays and a simplified 4-way power distribution network. In addition, two types of series-parallel 4 × 1 subarrays are examined to achieve a low sidelobe level. For verification, the proposed 4 × 4 antenna array was fabricated and measured, with the results showing good agreement with the simulations. The fabricated array prototype realized a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 14.7% in the 24–27.8 GHz frequency band, with a peak gain of 22.05 dBi. Overall, based on its advantages—wide band, high gain, low cost, and compact feeding network—the proposed array can be considered a potential candidate for use in mmW wireless applications.

AB - This paper presents a wideband and high-gain 4 × 4 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch array with a simplified feeding network for operation in the millimeter-wave (mmW) band. Furthermore, to improve gain and suppress the sidelobe level, a stepped waveguide horn is vertically integrated with each SIW cavity-backed patch. The proposed 4 × 4 array comprises eight series of 2 × 1 subarrays and a simplified 4-way power distribution network. In addition, two types of series-parallel 4 × 1 subarrays are examined to achieve a low sidelobe level. For verification, the proposed 4 × 4 antenna array was fabricated and measured, with the results showing good agreement with the simulations. The fabricated array prototype realized a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 14.7% in the 24–27.8 GHz frequency band, with a peak gain of 22.05 dBi. Overall, based on its advantages—wide band, high gain, low cost, and compact feeding network—the proposed array can be considered a potential candidate for use in mmW wireless applications.

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A High-Gain Series-Parallel Millimeter-Wave SIW Cavity-Backed Patch Array

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Keywords

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