A V-band CMOS injection-locked oscillator using fundamental harmonic injection

A V-band CMOS injection-locked oscillator (ILO) based on a cross-coupled oscillator configuration containing nMOS and pMOS devices is implemented by using 0.18 μm CMOS process. This ILO has a free-running output frequency around 60 GHz while the double push-push technique was used as a frequency multiplier. It also has a wide output locking bandwidth of up to 3.64 GHz (from 59.36 to 63 GHz) as injecting a signal near 15 GHz with the fundamental injection-locked behavior. Controlling the output frequencies by the injected signals, the output signal has a phase noise of -108 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz offset with consuming only 9.8 mW dc power under a 2 V supply.