Case report: Presentations and cytokine profiles of inflammatory non-pulmonary COVID-19 and related diseases in children

Yen Chun Chao; Horng Woei Yang; Lung Chang; Chih Wen Tseng; Li Ching Fang; Che Sheng Ho; Hsin Chi; Kuender D. Yang

doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1209772

Case report: Presentations and cytokine profiles of inflammatory non-pulmonary COVID-19 and related diseases in children

Yen Chun Chao
, Horng Woei Yang
, Lung Chang
, Chih Wen Tseng
, Li Ching Fang
, Che Sheng Ho
, Hsin Chi^*
, Kuender D. Yang^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

MacKay Children's Hospital
Mackay Memorial Hospital Taiwan
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
National Defense Medical University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has evolved to dynamic waves of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Initially, children diagnosed with COVID-19 presented pulmonary involvement characterized by mild diseases. In the later waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, life-threatening non-pulmonary inflammatory diseases such as (1) aseptic meningoencephalitis (ME), (2) acute necrotizing encephalopathies (ANE), and (3) multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have been reported, affecting the pediatric population. To alert timely identification and prevention of the life-threatening non-pulmonary COVID-19, we present the cases of ME, ANE, and MIS-C in terms of clinical manifestation, cytokine profile, and follow-up consequences. Based on the immunopathogenesis and risk factors associated with non-pulmonary COVID-19, we delineate strategies for an early diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality in children.

Original language	English
Article number	1209772
Pages (from-to)	1209772
Journal	Frontiers in Pediatrics
Volume	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1209772
State	Published - 25 08 2023
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2
acute necrotizing encephalopathy
coronavirus disease 2019
meningoencephalitis
multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
non-pulmonary COVID-19

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10.3389/fped.2023.1209772

Cite this

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title = "Case report: Presentations and cytokine profiles of inflammatory non-pulmonary COVID-19 and related diseases in children",

abstract = "The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has evolved to dynamic waves of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Initially, children diagnosed with COVID-19 presented pulmonary involvement characterized by mild diseases. In the later waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, life-threatening non-pulmonary inflammatory diseases such as (1) aseptic meningoencephalitis (ME), (2) acute necrotizing encephalopathies (ANE), and (3) multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have been reported, affecting the pediatric population. To alert timely identification and prevention of the life-threatening non-pulmonary COVID-19, we present the cases of ME, ANE, and MIS-C in terms of clinical manifestation, cytokine profile, and follow-up consequences. Based on the immunopathogenesis and risk factors associated with non-pulmonary COVID-19, we delineate strategies for an early diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality in children.",

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author = "Chao, \{Yen Chun\} and Yang, \{Horng Woei\} and Lung Chang and Tseng, \{Chih Wen\} and Fang, \{Li Ching\} and Ho, \{Che Sheng\} and Hsin Chi and Yang, \{Kuender D.\}",

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doi = "10.3389/fped.2023.1209772",

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AU - Chao, Yen Chun

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AU - Tseng, Chih Wen

AU - Fang, Li Ching

AU - Ho, Che Sheng

AU - Chi, Hsin

AU - Yang, Kuender D.

PY - 2023/8/25

Y1 - 2023/8/25

N2 - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has evolved to dynamic waves of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Initially, children diagnosed with COVID-19 presented pulmonary involvement characterized by mild diseases. In the later waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, life-threatening non-pulmonary inflammatory diseases such as (1) aseptic meningoencephalitis (ME), (2) acute necrotizing encephalopathies (ANE), and (3) multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have been reported, affecting the pediatric population. To alert timely identification and prevention of the life-threatening non-pulmonary COVID-19, we present the cases of ME, ANE, and MIS-C in terms of clinical manifestation, cytokine profile, and follow-up consequences. Based on the immunopathogenesis and risk factors associated with non-pulmonary COVID-19, we delineate strategies for an early diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality in children.

AB - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has evolved to dynamic waves of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Initially, children diagnosed with COVID-19 presented pulmonary involvement characterized by mild diseases. In the later waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, life-threatening non-pulmonary inflammatory diseases such as (1) aseptic meningoencephalitis (ME), (2) acute necrotizing encephalopathies (ANE), and (3) multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have been reported, affecting the pediatric population. To alert timely identification and prevention of the life-threatening non-pulmonary COVID-19, we present the cases of ME, ANE, and MIS-C in terms of clinical manifestation, cytokine profile, and follow-up consequences. Based on the immunopathogenesis and risk factors associated with non-pulmonary COVID-19, we delineate strategies for an early diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality in children.

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - acute necrotizing encephalopathy

KW - coronavirus disease 2019

KW - meningoencephalitis

KW - multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

KW - non-pulmonary COVID-19

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DO - 10.3389/fped.2023.1209772

M3 - 文章

C2 - 37822323

AN - SCOPUS:85173744082

SN - 2296-2360

VL - 11

SP - 1209772

JO - Frontiers in Pediatrics

JF - Frontiers in Pediatrics

M1 - 1209772

ER -

Case report: Presentations and cytokine profiles of inflammatory non-pulmonary COVID-19 and related diseases in children

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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