DLK2 Acts as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Man Gang Lee; Yung Kuo Lee; Shih Chung Huang; Chen Lin Chang; Chou Yuan Ko; Wen Chin Lee; Tung Yuan Chen; Shiow Jyu Tzou; Cheng Yi Huang; Ming Hong Tai; Yu Wei Lin; Mei Lang Kung; Ming Chao Tsai; Yung Lung Chen; Yi Chen Chang; Zhi Hong Wen; Chao Cheng Huang; Tian Huei Chu

doi:10.3390/genes13040629

DLK2 Acts as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Man Gang Lee, Yung Kuo Lee, Shih Chung Huang, Chen Lin Chang, Chou Yuan Ko, Wen Chin Lee, Tung Yuan Chen, Shiow Jyu Tzou, Cheng Yi Huang, Ming Hong Tai, Yu Wei Lin, Mei Lang Kung, Ming Chao Tsai, Yung Lung Chen, Yi Chen Chang, Zhi Hong Wen, Chao Cheng Huang^*, Tian Huei Chu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common RCC subtype with a high mortality. It has been reported that delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1) participates in the tumor microenvironmental remodeling of ccRCC, but the relationship between delta-like 2 homologue (DLK2, a DLK1 homologue) and ccRCC is still unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of DLK2 in the biological function and disease prognosis of ccRCC using bioinformatics analysis. The TNMplot database showed that DLK2 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues. From the UALCAN analysis, the overexpression of DLK2 was associated with advanced stage and high grade in ccRCC. Moreover, the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM Plotter) database showed that DLK2 upregulation was associated with poor survival outcome in ccRCC. By the LinkedOmics analysis, DLK2 signaling may participated in the modulation of ccRCC extracellular matrix (ECM), cell metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, TGF-β signaling and Notch pathway. Besides, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) analysis showed that the macrophage and CD8⁺ T cell infiltrations were associated with good prognosis in ccRCC patients. Finally, DLK2 overexpression was associated with the reduced macrophage recruitments and the M1–M2 polarization of macrophage in ccRCC tissues. Together, DLK2 may acts as a novel biomarker, even therapeutic target in ccRCC. However, this study lacks experimental validation, and further studies are required to support this viewpoint.

Original language	English
Article number	629
Journal	Genes
Volume	13
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13040629
State	Published - 04 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

biomarker
clear cell renal cell carcinoma
delta-like 2 homologue
prognosis

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Lee, M. G., Lee, Y. K., Huang, S. C., Chang, C. L., Ko, C. Y., Lee, W. C., Chen, T. Y., Tzou, S. J., Huang, C. Y., Tai, M. H., Lin, Y. W., Kung, M. L., Tsai, M. C., Chen, Y. L., Chang, Y. C., Wen, Z. H., Huang, C. C., & Chu, T. H. (2022). DLK2 Acts as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. Genes, 13(4), Article 629. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13040629

@article{e05aacd8869448f5a34534ee0b116bb0,

title = "DLK2 Acts as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis",

abstract = "Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common RCC subtype with a high mortality. It has been reported that delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1) participates in the tumor microenvironmental remodeling of ccRCC, but the relationship between delta-like 2 homologue (DLK2, a DLK1 homologue) and ccRCC is still unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of DLK2 in the biological function and disease prognosis of ccRCC using bioinformatics analysis. The TNMplot database showed that DLK2 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues. From the UALCAN analysis, the overexpression of DLK2 was associated with advanced stage and high grade in ccRCC. Moreover, the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM Plotter) database showed that DLK2 upregulation was associated with poor survival outcome in ccRCC. By the LinkedOmics analysis, DLK2 signaling may participated in the modulation of ccRCC extracellular matrix (ECM), cell metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, TGF-β signaling and Notch pathway. Besides, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) analysis showed that the macrophage and CD8+ T cell infiltrations were associated with good prognosis in ccRCC patients. Finally, DLK2 overexpression was associated with the reduced macrophage recruitments and the M1–M2 polarization of macrophage in ccRCC tissues. Together, DLK2 may acts as a novel biomarker, even therapeutic target in ccRCC. However, this study lacks experimental validation, and further studies are required to support this viewpoint.",

keywords = "biomarker, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, delta-like 2 homologue, prognosis",

author = "Lee, {Man Gang} and Lee, {Yung Kuo} and Huang, {Shih Chung} and Chang, {Chen Lin} and Ko, {Chou Yuan} and Lee, {Wen Chin} and Chen, {Tung Yuan} and Tzou, {Shiow Jyu} and Huang, {Cheng Yi} and Tai, {Ming Hong} and Lin, {Yu Wei} and Kung, {Mei Lang} and Tsai, {Ming Chao} and Chen, {Yung Lung} and Chang, {Yi Chen} and Wen, {Zhi Hong} and Huang, {Chao Cheng} and Chu, {Tian Huei}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2022",

month = apr,

doi = "10.3390/genes13040629",

language = "英语",

volume = "13",

journal = "Genes",

issn = "2073-4425",

publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - DLK2 Acts as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

AU - Lee, Man Gang

AU - Lee, Yung Kuo

AU - Huang, Shih Chung

AU - Chang, Chen Lin

AU - Ko, Chou Yuan

AU - Lee, Wen Chin

AU - Chen, Tung Yuan

AU - Tzou, Shiow Jyu

AU - Huang, Cheng Yi

AU - Tai, Ming Hong

AU - Lin, Yu Wei

AU - Kung, Mei Lang

AU - Tsai, Ming Chao

AU - Chen, Yung Lung

AU - Chang, Yi Chen

AU - Wen, Zhi Hong

AU - Huang, Chao Cheng

AU - Chu, Tian Huei

PY - 2022/4

Y1 - 2022/4

N2 - Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common RCC subtype with a high mortality. It has been reported that delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1) participates in the tumor microenvironmental remodeling of ccRCC, but the relationship between delta-like 2 homologue (DLK2, a DLK1 homologue) and ccRCC is still unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of DLK2 in the biological function and disease prognosis of ccRCC using bioinformatics analysis. The TNMplot database showed that DLK2 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues. From the UALCAN analysis, the overexpression of DLK2 was associated with advanced stage and high grade in ccRCC. Moreover, the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM Plotter) database showed that DLK2 upregulation was associated with poor survival outcome in ccRCC. By the LinkedOmics analysis, DLK2 signaling may participated in the modulation of ccRCC extracellular matrix (ECM), cell metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, TGF-β signaling and Notch pathway. Besides, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) analysis showed that the macrophage and CD8+ T cell infiltrations were associated with good prognosis in ccRCC patients. Finally, DLK2 overexpression was associated with the reduced macrophage recruitments and the M1–M2 polarization of macrophage in ccRCC tissues. Together, DLK2 may acts as a novel biomarker, even therapeutic target in ccRCC. However, this study lacks experimental validation, and further studies are required to support this viewpoint.

AB - Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common RCC subtype with a high mortality. It has been reported that delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1) participates in the tumor microenvironmental remodeling of ccRCC, but the relationship between delta-like 2 homologue (DLK2, a DLK1 homologue) and ccRCC is still unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of DLK2 in the biological function and disease prognosis of ccRCC using bioinformatics analysis. The TNMplot database showed that DLK2 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues. From the UALCAN analysis, the overexpression of DLK2 was associated with advanced stage and high grade in ccRCC. Moreover, the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM Plotter) database showed that DLK2 upregulation was associated with poor survival outcome in ccRCC. By the LinkedOmics analysis, DLK2 signaling may participated in the modulation of ccRCC extracellular matrix (ECM), cell metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, TGF-β signaling and Notch pathway. Besides, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) analysis showed that the macrophage and CD8+ T cell infiltrations were associated with good prognosis in ccRCC patients. Finally, DLK2 overexpression was associated with the reduced macrophage recruitments and the M1–M2 polarization of macrophage in ccRCC tissues. Together, DLK2 may acts as a novel biomarker, even therapeutic target in ccRCC. However, this study lacks experimental validation, and further studies are required to support this viewpoint.

KW - biomarker

KW - clear cell renal cell carcinoma

KW - delta-like 2 homologue

KW - prognosis

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128293431&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/genes13040629

DO - 10.3390/genes13040629

M3 - 文章

C2 - 35456435

AN - SCOPUS:85128293431

SN - 2073-4425

VL - 13

JO - Genes

JF - Genes

IS - 4

M1 - 629

ER -

DLK2 Acts as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Abstract

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Keywords

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