Effectiveness of question prompt lists in patients with breast cancer: A randomized controlled trial

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a question prompt list (QPL) in decision self-efficacy, decision-making participation, patient–physician communication, decisional conflict or regret, and health status in patients with breast cancer. Methods: A total of 240 patients with breast cancer were randomly assigned to a QPL group or control group (n = 120 each). The intervention and control groups received an additional educational QPL booklet and routine care, respectively. Results: The intervention group exhibited significant improvements in decision self-efficacy, perceived patient–physician interactions, and patient–physician communication compared with the control group. Multilevel modeling analyses revealed significant group–time interaction effects on decision self-efficacy (β = 9.99, P < 0.01), perceived patient–physician interactions (β = 8.10, P < 0.01), patient–physician communication (β = 5.02, P < 0.01), and anxiety status (β = −3.78, P < 0.05). The QPL intervention exerted more favorable effects than routine care, with repeated measurements of the same patients and the data of patients under the care of the same surgeons accounted for. Conclusions: The QPL intervention exerted multidimensional effects on decision-making outcomes among patients with breast cancer. Practical implications: Clinicians can integrate a QPL into routine care for patients with breast cancer.