Epidemiological Trends and Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Population-Based Organized Service Screening

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major global disease burdens that have been shown by the epidemiological time trends on both incidence and mortality rates. To ameliorate such a burden, early detection of CRC via population-based organized service screening program is effective in reducing colorectal mortality through evidence-based evaluation for population-based service organized service screening based on the indicator of mortality with a decomposition method. Population-based organized service screening program is urgently needed in low- and middle-income Asian regions according to human development index (HDI) and CRC mortality in Western countries. To be efficient in the provision of population-based organized service screening programs in Asian countries with the rising trends on certain risk factors including smoking, less physical activity, and metabolic syndrome, personalized risk-based but still population-based organized service screening program should be considered given genetic susceptibility and family history. Such a personalized risk-based population-based organized service screening program is even likely facilitated by the expedient use of fecal hemoglobin (f-Hb) concentration that may have already capture individual risk profiles.