Factors associated with chronic kidney disease: Analysis of outreach community adult health examination data

Treatment of end stage kidney disease is expensive. Moreover, early detection and appropriate case management can prevent or delay the onset of the adverse outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with CKD that could be used in community screening to detect CKD early. Methods: We analyzed data from the health examination survey of an outreach community of adults. A total of 29,345 Taoyuan county adults participated in this survey during 2004-2006. Data on health behavior, disease history, physical examination, and blood and urine chemistry were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, χ² test, and logistic regression were applied. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 60ml/min/ 1.73m². Results: The prevalence of stages 3-5 CKD was 15.2%, 0.7%, and 0.2%, respectively; eGFR decreased with increased age, and consequently the prevalence of CKD increased; the prevalence of CKD was higher in females than in males. Factors associated with CKD included hyperuricemia, obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: eGFR and CKD stage should be part of the community-based health examination of adults. Those who present with associated factors of CKD should be advised to seek close followup and appropriate treatment.