Factors influencing neutralizing antibody titers elicited by coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines

Yu An Kung; Sheng-Yu Huang; Chung Guei Huang; Kuan Ting Liu; Peng Nien Huang; Kar Yee Yu; Shu Li Yang; Chia Pei Chen; Ching Yun Cheng; Ing Kit Lee; Shu-min Lin; Han Pin Chang; Yueh Te Lin; Yen-Chin Liu; Guang Wu Chen; Shin Ru Shih

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105044

Factors influencing neutralizing antibody titers elicited by coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines

Yu An Kung, Sheng-Yu Huang, Chung Guei Huang, Kuan Ting Liu, Peng Nien Huang, Kar Yee Yu, Shu Li Yang, Chia Pei Chen, Ching Yun Cheng, Ing Kit Lee, Shu-min Lin, Han Pin Chang, Yueh Te Lin, Yen-Chin Liu, Guang Wu Chen^*, Shin Ru Shih^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

The World Health Organization has highlighted the importance of an international standard (IS) for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody titer detection to calibrate diagnostic techniques. We applied an IS to calibrate neutralizing antibody titers (NTs) (international units/mL) in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Moreover, the association between different factors and neutralizing antibodies was analyzed. A total of 1667 serum samples were collected from participants receiving different COVID-19 vaccines. Antibody titers were determined by a microneutralization assay using live viruses in a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory and a commercial serological MeDiPro kit. The titer determined using the MeDiPro kit was highly correlated with the NT determined using live viruses and calibrated using IS. Fever and antipyretic analgesic treatment were related to neutralizing antibody responses in ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccinations. Individuals with diabetes showed a low NT elicited by MVC-COV1901. Individuals with hypertension receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine had lower NTs than those without hypertension. Our study provided the international unit (IU) values of NTs in vaccinated individuals for the development of vaccines and implementation of non-inferiority trials. Correlation of the influencing factors with NTs can provide an indicator for selecting COVID-19 vaccines based on personal attributes.

Original language	English
Article number	105044
Pages (from-to)	105044
Journal	Microbes and Infection
Volume	25
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105044
State	Published - 01 01 2023

Bibliographical note

Keywords

COVID-19 vaccines
International standard
Neutralizing antibody titers
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Hypertension
BNT162 Vaccine
SARS-CoV-2
Humans
COVID-19 Vaccines
Vaccination
COVID-19/prevention & control
Antibodies, Viral

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105044

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Kung, Y. A., Huang, S.-Y., Huang, C. G., Liu, K. T., Huang, P. N., Yu, K. Y., Yang, S. L., Chen, C. P., Cheng, C. Y., Lee, I. K., Lin, S., Chang, H. P., Lin, Y. T., Liu, Y.-C., Chen, G. W., & Shih, S. R. (2023). Factors influencing neutralizing antibody titers elicited by coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines. Microbes and Infection, 25(1-2), 105044. Article 105044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105044

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title = "Factors influencing neutralizing antibody titers elicited by coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines",

abstract = "The World Health Organization has highlighted the importance of an international standard (IS) for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody titer detection to calibrate diagnostic techniques. We applied an IS to calibrate neutralizing antibody titers (NTs) (international units/mL) in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Moreover, the association between different factors and neutralizing antibodies was analyzed. A total of 1667 serum samples were collected from participants receiving different COVID-19 vaccines. Antibody titers were determined by a microneutralization assay using live viruses in a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory and a commercial serological MeDiPro kit. The titer determined using the MeDiPro kit was highly correlated with the NT determined using live viruses and calibrated using IS. Fever and antipyretic analgesic treatment were related to neutralizing antibody responses in ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccinations. Individuals with diabetes showed a low NT elicited by MVC-COV1901. Individuals with hypertension receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine had lower NTs than those without hypertension. Our study provided the international unit (IU) values of NTs in vaccinated individuals for the development of vaccines and implementation of non-inferiority trials. Correlation of the influencing factors with NTs can provide an indicator for selecting COVID-19 vaccines based on personal attributes.",

keywords = "COVID-19 vaccines, International standard, Neutralizing antibody titers, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Hypertension, BNT162 Vaccine, SARS-CoV-2, Humans, COVID-19 Vaccines, Vaccination, COVID-19/prevention & control, Antibodies, Viral",

author = "Kung, {Yu An} and Sheng-Yu Huang and Huang, {Chung Guei} and Liu, {Kuan Ting} and Huang, {Peng Nien} and Yu, {Kar Yee} and Yang, {Shu Li} and Chen, {Chia Pei} and Cheng, {Ching Yun} and Lee, {Ing Kit} and Shu-min Lin and Chang, {Han Pin} and Lin, {Yueh Te} and Yen-Chin Liu and Chen, {Guang Wu} and Shih, {Shin Ru}",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.",

year = "2023",

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AU - Kung, Yu An

AU - Huang, Sheng-Yu

AU - Huang, Chung Guei

AU - Liu, Kuan Ting

AU - Huang, Peng Nien

AU - Yu, Kar Yee

AU - Yang, Shu Li

AU - Chen, Chia Pei

AU - Cheng, Ching Yun

AU - Lee, Ing Kit

AU - Lin, Shu-min

AU - Chang, Han Pin

AU - Lin, Yueh Te

AU - Liu, Yen-Chin

AU - Chen, Guang Wu

AU - Shih, Shin Ru

PY - 2023/1/1

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N2 - The World Health Organization has highlighted the importance of an international standard (IS) for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody titer detection to calibrate diagnostic techniques. We applied an IS to calibrate neutralizing antibody titers (NTs) (international units/mL) in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Moreover, the association between different factors and neutralizing antibodies was analyzed. A total of 1667 serum samples were collected from participants receiving different COVID-19 vaccines. Antibody titers were determined by a microneutralization assay using live viruses in a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory and a commercial serological MeDiPro kit. The titer determined using the MeDiPro kit was highly correlated with the NT determined using live viruses and calibrated using IS. Fever and antipyretic analgesic treatment were related to neutralizing antibody responses in ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccinations. Individuals with diabetes showed a low NT elicited by MVC-COV1901. Individuals with hypertension receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine had lower NTs than those without hypertension. Our study provided the international unit (IU) values of NTs in vaccinated individuals for the development of vaccines and implementation of non-inferiority trials. Correlation of the influencing factors with NTs can provide an indicator for selecting COVID-19 vaccines based on personal attributes.

AB - The World Health Organization has highlighted the importance of an international standard (IS) for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody titer detection to calibrate diagnostic techniques. We applied an IS to calibrate neutralizing antibody titers (NTs) (international units/mL) in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Moreover, the association between different factors and neutralizing antibodies was analyzed. A total of 1667 serum samples were collected from participants receiving different COVID-19 vaccines. Antibody titers were determined by a microneutralization assay using live viruses in a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory and a commercial serological MeDiPro kit. The titer determined using the MeDiPro kit was highly correlated with the NT determined using live viruses and calibrated using IS. Fever and antipyretic analgesic treatment were related to neutralizing antibody responses in ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccinations. Individuals with diabetes showed a low NT elicited by MVC-COV1901. Individuals with hypertension receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine had lower NTs than those without hypertension. Our study provided the international unit (IU) values of NTs in vaccinated individuals for the development of vaccines and implementation of non-inferiority trials. Correlation of the influencing factors with NTs can provide an indicator for selecting COVID-19 vaccines based on personal attributes.

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KW - Humans

KW - COVID-19 Vaccines

KW - Vaccination

KW - COVID-19/prevention & control

KW - Antibodies, Viral

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SN - 1286-4579

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SP - 105044

JO - Microbes and Infection

JF - Microbes and Infection

IS - 1-2

M1 - 105044

ER -

Factors influencing neutralizing antibody titers elicited by coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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