Fail-stop blind signature scheme design based on pairings

We propose a robust first-stop blind signature scheme that will work in any Gap Diffie-Hellman (GDH) group. It can be applied in more critical systems like e-voting, e-commerce and e-payment systems that need higher security against sophisticated attacks and can preserve participants' anonymity. Untracebility and unlinkability are the two main properties of real coins for successful electronic mimicking. Whenever a user is permitted to spend an e-coin, he must fulfill the blind signature requirements. Because of the GDH group structure and the base scheme, most of our constructions are simpler, more efficient and have more useful properties than similar existing constructions.