TY - JOUR
T1 - Flutamide attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine production and hepatic injury following trauma-hemorrhage via estrogen receptor-related pathway
AU - Shimizu, Tomoharu
AU - Yu, Huang Ping
AU - Hsieh, Ya Ching
AU - Choudhry, Mashkoor A.
AU - Suzuki, Takao
AU - Bland, Kirby I.
AU - Chaudry, Irshad H.
PY - 2007/2
Y1 - 2007/2
N2 - OBJECTIVE: To determine the mechanism by which flutamide administration following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H) decreases cytokine production and hepatic injury under those conditions. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although studies have demonstrated that flutamide administration following T-H improves hepatic and immune functions, the mechanism by which flutamide produces the salutary effects remains unknown. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a 5-cm laparotomy and hemorrhagic shock (40 mm Hg for ∼90 minutes), followed by resuscitation with 4 times the shed blood volume in the form of Ringer's lactate. Flutamide (25 mg/kg body weight, sc) was administered at the middle of resuscitation and animals were killed 2 hours thereafter. To block estrogen receptor (ER), ER antagonist ICI 182,780 was administrated with flutamide. RESULTS: Hepatic injury, myeloperoxidase activity, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κ;B) DNA binding activity and protein expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC-1 and CINC-3) markedly increased following T-H. Hepatic mRNA and plasma IL-6 levels were also elevated following T-H. The alterations in these parameters induced by T-H were significantly attenuated by flutamide administration. The decreased plasma estradiol levels following T-H were restored to sham levels in the flutamide-treated T-H animals. Coadministration of ICI 182,780 prevented those salutary effects of flutamide administration on pro-inflammatory responses and hepatic injury following T-H. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the reduction in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and hepatic injury produced by flutamide administration following T-H is likely due to the down-regulation in hepatic NF-kappaB DNA binding activity. Moreover, the salutary effects of flutamide administration appear to be mediated at least in part via ER-related pathway.
AB - OBJECTIVE: To determine the mechanism by which flutamide administration following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H) decreases cytokine production and hepatic injury under those conditions. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although studies have demonstrated that flutamide administration following T-H improves hepatic and immune functions, the mechanism by which flutamide produces the salutary effects remains unknown. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a 5-cm laparotomy and hemorrhagic shock (40 mm Hg for ∼90 minutes), followed by resuscitation with 4 times the shed blood volume in the form of Ringer's lactate. Flutamide (25 mg/kg body weight, sc) was administered at the middle of resuscitation and animals were killed 2 hours thereafter. To block estrogen receptor (ER), ER antagonist ICI 182,780 was administrated with flutamide. RESULTS: Hepatic injury, myeloperoxidase activity, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κ;B) DNA binding activity and protein expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC-1 and CINC-3) markedly increased following T-H. Hepatic mRNA and plasma IL-6 levels were also elevated following T-H. The alterations in these parameters induced by T-H were significantly attenuated by flutamide administration. The decreased plasma estradiol levels following T-H were restored to sham levels in the flutamide-treated T-H animals. Coadministration of ICI 182,780 prevented those salutary effects of flutamide administration on pro-inflammatory responses and hepatic injury following T-H. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the reduction in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and hepatic injury produced by flutamide administration following T-H is likely due to the down-regulation in hepatic NF-kappaB DNA binding activity. Moreover, the salutary effects of flutamide administration appear to be mediated at least in part via ER-related pathway.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33846406911&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/01.sla.0000232523.88621.17
DO - 10.1097/01.sla.0000232523.88621.17
M3 - 文章
C2 - 17245185
AN - SCOPUS:33846406911
SN - 0003-4932
VL - 245
SP - 297
EP - 304
JO - Annals of Surgery
JF - Annals of Surgery
IS - 2
ER -