Giant, non-perturbative tuning of light-matter interaction of embedded quantum dots in semiconducting matrices

Embedding quantum dots (QDs) in a solid-state matrix represents a promising hybrid platform that offers great flexibility and tunability. However, the lack of clear underlying designing principle and presence of large design space make the design process heavily relies on trial-and-error methods. Here we present a new principle that can drastically tailor the light-matter interaction of matrix by matrix-mediated QD interactions. We show that conducting matrices like P3HT can mediate a non-perturbative inter-QD interactions that lead to qualitatively distinct properties, including the enhanced carrier lifetime and enhanced binding energies with increased QD densities, which cannot be explained by conventional perturbative scattering theories and in sharp contrast to independent embedded QDs in an insulating matrix like PMMA. An effective quantum-field-theory is developed, showing qualitative agreement with experiments. Our study serves as a foundation for the predictive design of advanced hybrid materials aimed at optimizing functionalities.