Home parenteral nutrition in children.

From 1985 to 1994, home parenteral nutrition (HPN) was used as the method of feeding nine pediatric patients. Indications for HPN included congenital or acquired short bowel syndrome. Crohn's disease, chronic intractable diarrhea, chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction and Hirschsprung's disease. During the period, two patients died; one of sepsis and the other from hepatic failure. Three of the remaining patients have since moved on to oral feeding, but four patients continued on HPN. The majority of these patients have attained a normal weight and height for age while receiving HPN. All patients were fed via an implanted silicone catheter. Catheters were removed and replaced due to complications including nine episodes of infection, four episodes of occlusion, three episodes of breakage and two episodes of dislodgement. Catheter-related sepsis was the most common cause of morbidity and hospital readmission in patients receiving HPN, but was acceptably rare. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently cultured organism from either the catheter tip or the blood. HPN is a relatively safe feeding method for patients who would otherwise remain hospitalized for prolonged periods on parenteral nutrition for permanent or prolonged intestinal failure.