Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance related metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: A cross-sectional study in northern Taiwan was conducted to investigate the role of serum insulin level on the development of hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia. METHODS: Demographic data (age, gender), body mass index, blood pressure, and laboratory blood tests (uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and immunoreactive insulin when fasting and two hours after loading 75 gm glucose) were collected. A logistic model or polychotomous model, treating each chronic disease (hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia) as a dependent variable, were fitted to study the effect of serum insulin level. RESULTS: Four hundred and twenty one volunteers (women:men = 237:184) were recruited from 1991 to 1993. Women were more obese and had more hyperglycemia, while the frequency of hyperuricemia was lower than of men. Women with a higher level of the sum of fasting and 2-hour post glucose load insulin (SIRI) levels had higher frequencies of glucose intolerance, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia, whereas SIRI was related to only obesity and hyperlipidemia in men. The high plasma SIRI was a risk factor for both impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and obesity in women. Men with a high plasma SIRI showed a more than three-fold risk of obesity. CONCLUSIONS: We have observed that a higher serum insulin level was significantly associated with the development of metabolic manifestations (glycemic status and obesity) in a suburban community in northern Taiwan. Men and women with a higher serum insulin level probably had a greater chance of developing obesity, and women had a greater chance of developing IGT.