Impaired vaccine-induced antibody response against clade 6B H1N1 viruses in individuals before viral emergence

Kuan Ying A. Huang*, Yhu Chering Huang, Cheng Hsun Chiu, Kuo Chien Tsao, Tzou Yien Lin

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal Article peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background. Clade 6B H1N1 pdm09 influenza viruses cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Human antibody profiles elicited upon vaccination against the clade 6B virus are largely unclear before viral emergence. Methods. Healthy volunteers, including children aged 3-8 years, adolescents aged 9-17 years, and adults, were enrolled before the clade 6B H1N1 outbreak and received the 2013-2014 inactivated influenza vaccine. We determined antibody responses before and after vaccination. Vaccine-induced plasmablast-derived antibodies were tested against H1N1 pdm09 reference and clade 6B viruses. Results. The majority of the subjects generated robust hemagglutination inhibition and neutralizing antibody responses upon vaccination across the different age groups. Nevertheless, a subset of young adults preferentially produced antibodies that failed to neutralize clade 6B viruses that emerged and circulated in 2014-2016. The hemagglutinin K163Q change at the Sa antigenic site, one of the substitutions that define clade 6B viruses, was responsible for resistance to neutralization by both postvaccination sera and vaccine-induced plasmablast-derived antibodies. Conclusions. Vaccine-induced antibody immunity is compromised by the antigenic change of H1N1 pdm09 virus in a subset of adults, and this may warrant the incorporation of human serology in the antigenic characterization of virus and vaccine strain selection.

Original languageEnglish
JournalOpen Forum Infectious Diseases
Volume7
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 01 01 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]

Keywords

  • Antigenic drift
  • Clade 6B H1N1 pdm09 virus
  • Human serum
  • Inactivated influenza vaccine
  • Plasmablast-derived polyclonal antibodies

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