Investigation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Electrolytes and Acid-Base Expressions in Asian Adults

BACKGROUND: In previous literature, reference values for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be based on patients who were not truly healthy, other species, or outdated information. In the present study, we performed a lumbar puncture in patients requiring spinal anesthesia by a reasonable indication to evaluate CSF parameters in healthy adults. METHODS: All patients between the ages of 20 and 70 years scheduled for elective orthopedic or urologic surgery requiring spinal anesthesia were enrolled in this study. We measured electrolytes and gas tension analysis in CSF and whole blood samples in adult humans. RESULTS: A total of 28 patients were included with an average age of 44.2 years. The concentration of Na^+ in blood was slightly lower when compared with that in CSF. There were significantly higher levels of K^+ and Ca^(2+) in the blood when we compared with CSF. Significantly lower levels of Cl^- and Mg^(2+) in the blood were observed when compared with CSF. The glucose level of CSF was about half of that in blood. CONCLUSIONS: We provided updated reference values for various solutes in blood and CSF in adults. Analysis of CSF parameters and relevant paired blood samples is highly informative, helping clinicians diagnose a variety of central nervous system diseases.