Kawasaki Shock Syndrome with Initial Presentation as Neck lymphadenitis: A Case Report

Yi Ting Cheng, Yu Shin Lee, Jainn Jim Lin, Hung Tao Chung, Yhu Chering Huang, Kuan Wen Su*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal Article peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown cause that mainly affects infants and children and can result in coronary artery complications if left untreated. A small subset of KD patients with fever and cervical lymphadenitis has been reported as node-first-presenting KD (NFKD). This type of KD commonly affects the older pediatric population with a more intense inflammatory process. Considering its unusual initial presentation, a delay in diagnosis and treatment increases the risk of coronary artery complications. Herein, we report the case of a 9-year-old female with fever and neck mass that rapidly deteriorated to shock status. A diagnosis of KD was made after the signs and symptoms fulfilled the principal diagnostic criteria. The patient’s heart failure and blood pressure improved dramatically after a single dose of intravenous immunoglobulin. This case reminds us that NFKD could be the initial manifestation of KDSS, which is a potentially fatal condition. We review the literature to identify the overlapping characteristics of NFKD and KDSS, and to highlight the importance of early recognition of atypical KD regardless of age. We conclude that unusually high C-reactive protein, neutrophilia, and thrombocytopenia serve as supplemental laboratory indicators for early identification of KDSS in patients with NFKD.

Original languageEnglish
Article number56
JournalChildren
Volume9
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 01 2022
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

  • Cardiogenic shock
  • Cervical lymphadenitis
  • Kawasaki disease
  • Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

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