Measurement and analysis of modulation transfer function of digital image sensors

With the ceaseless development of technology, optical imaging systems have been extensively used in numerous different fields. As a result, verifying the performance of such systems has taken on significant importance. To test these systems, a commonly used metric is the modulation transfer function (MTF) because it reflects the spatial-frequency response of optical systems. To determine how best to measure the MTF of an image sensor, we use the slanted-knife-edge method to measure optical patterns and a black-and-white face sensor to receive patterns, following which we numerically calculate the MTF. We use the MTF of the Nyquist frequency (50 lp/mm) of an image sensor as the measured value, and the slanting angle for the slanted-knife-edge method ranges from 2° to 10°, which is known to provide accurate results. We then compare and analyze the experimental data and explore how inaccurate slanting angles affect the measured MTF. Finally, we propose a “program correction method” in which we input a corrected slanting angle into the region-of-interest program to correct for errors in the measurement of the MTF. The corrected parameters provide a more accurate measurement of the MTF of the given pattern.