Mediastinal Lipoblastoma of Infancy: A case report

Mediastinal lipoblastoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor of embryonal fat occurring predominantly in the first three years of life. Less than 20 cases have been reported so far in the Western literature. Lipoblastomas constitute less than 1% of all pediatric tumors. The extremites are the most common location for this tumor. We presented a rare 9-month-old female infant case that differed from previously reported mediastinal lipoblastomas in those patients who were much older. The computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance image (MRI) features were discussed. At surgery, the tumor was removed without complication and histology demonstrated an encapsulated and multilobulated lipoblastoma.