TY - JOUR
T1 - Mitochondria Play Essential Roles in Intracellular Protection against Oxidative Stress—Which Molecules among the ROS Generated in the Mitochondria Can Escape the Mitochondria and Contribute to Signal Activation in Cytosol?
AU - Masuda, Daisuke
AU - Nakanishi, Ikuo
AU - Ohkubo, Kei
AU - Ito, Hiromu
AU - Matsumoto, Ken Ichiro
AU - Ichikawa, Hiroshi
AU - Chatatikun, Moragot
AU - Klangbud, Wiyada Kwanhian
AU - Kotepui, Manas
AU - Imai, Motoki
AU - Kawakami, Fumitaka
AU - Kubo, Makoto
AU - Matsui, Hirofumi
AU - Tangpong, Jitbanjong
AU - Ichikawa, Takafumi
AU - Ozawa, Toshihiko
AU - Yen, Hsiu Chuan
AU - St Clair, Daret K.
AU - Indo, Hiroko P.
AU - Majima, Hideyuki J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024/1/19
Y1 - 2024/1/19
N2 - Questions about which reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can escape from the mitochondria and activate signals must be addressed. In this study, two parameters, the calculated dipole moment (debye, D) and permeability coefficient (Pm) (cm s−1), are listed for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide (O2•−), hydroperoxyl radical (HO2•), nitric oxide (•NO), nitrogen dioxide (•NO2), peroxynitrite (ONOO−), and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) in comparison to those for water (H2O). O2•− is generated from the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), and several other ROS and RNS can be generated subsequently. The candidates which pass through the mitochondrial membrane include ROS with a small number of dipoles, i.e., H2O2, HO2•, ONOOH, •OH, and •NO. The results show that the dipole moment of •NO2 is 0.35 D, indicating permeability; however, •NO2 can be eliminated quickly. The dipole moments of •OH (1.67 D) and ONOOH (1.77 D) indicate that they might be permeable. This study also suggests that the mitochondria play a central role in protecting against further oxidative stress in cells. The amounts, the long half-life, the diffusion distance, the Pm, the one-electron reduction potential, the pKa, and the rate constants for the reaction with ascorbate and glutathione are listed for various ROS/RNS, •OH, singlet oxygen (1O2), H2O2, O2•−, HO2•, •NO, •NO2, ONOO−, and ONOOH, and compared with those for H2O and oxygen (O2). Molecules with negative electrical charges cannot directly diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of the mitochondrial membranes. Short-lived molecules, such as •OH, would be difficult to contribute to intracellular signaling. Finally, HO2• and ONOOH were selected as candidates for the ROS/RNS that pass through the mitochondrial membrane.
AB - Questions about which reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can escape from the mitochondria and activate signals must be addressed. In this study, two parameters, the calculated dipole moment (debye, D) and permeability coefficient (Pm) (cm s−1), are listed for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide (O2•−), hydroperoxyl radical (HO2•), nitric oxide (•NO), nitrogen dioxide (•NO2), peroxynitrite (ONOO−), and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) in comparison to those for water (H2O). O2•− is generated from the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), and several other ROS and RNS can be generated subsequently. The candidates which pass through the mitochondrial membrane include ROS with a small number of dipoles, i.e., H2O2, HO2•, ONOOH, •OH, and •NO. The results show that the dipole moment of •NO2 is 0.35 D, indicating permeability; however, •NO2 can be eliminated quickly. The dipole moments of •OH (1.67 D) and ONOOH (1.77 D) indicate that they might be permeable. This study also suggests that the mitochondria play a central role in protecting against further oxidative stress in cells. The amounts, the long half-life, the diffusion distance, the Pm, the one-electron reduction potential, the pKa, and the rate constants for the reaction with ascorbate and glutathione are listed for various ROS/RNS, •OH, singlet oxygen (1O2), H2O2, O2•−, HO2•, •NO, •NO2, ONOO−, and ONOOH, and compared with those for H2O and oxygen (O2). Molecules with negative electrical charges cannot directly diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of the mitochondrial membranes. Short-lived molecules, such as •OH, would be difficult to contribute to intracellular signaling. Finally, HO2• and ONOOH were selected as candidates for the ROS/RNS that pass through the mitochondrial membrane.
KW - cell signaling
KW - dipole moment
KW - mitochondria
KW - Nrf2/Keap1
KW - reactive oxygen species
KW - signal transduction
KW - Oxygen
KW - Reactive Oxygen Species
KW - Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology
KW - Oxidative Stress
KW - Peroxynitrous Acid
KW - Nitric Oxide
KW - Cytosol
KW - Mitochondria
KW - Nitrogen Dioxide
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85183490858&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/biom14010128
DO - 10.3390/biom14010128
M3 - 文章
C2 - 38275757
AN - SCOPUS:85183490858
SN - 2218-273X
VL - 14
JO - Biomolecules
JF - Biomolecules
IS - 1
M1 - 128
ER -