Optimization of water-in-oil nanoemulsions by mixed surfactants

Li Ching Peng; Chi Hsien Liu; Chang Chin Kwan; Keh Feng Huang

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.08.060

Optimization of water-in-oil nanoemulsions by mixed surfactants

Li Ching Peng
, Chi Hsien Liu^*
, Chang Chin Kwan
, Keh Feng Huang

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal Article › peer-review

147 Scopus citations

Abstract

The formation of water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsions in isohexadecane/mixed nonionic surfactant/water system has been achieved by a low-energy emulsification. Effects of polyoxyethylene 2-lauryl ether (C₁₂E₂) and polyoxyethylene 4-lauryl ether (C₁₂E₄) on the water in isohexadecane emulsions were systematically studied. Ratios of the two-surfactant mixture, surfactant concentrations, and oil fraction were evaluated by gauging droplet size with the aid of photon correlation spectroscopy. Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance temperature (T_HLB) and phase diagram were used to characterize the nanoemulsion system. The stability of the emulsions prepared was assessed based on the change in droplet size as a function of time. Instability mechanisms including coalescence and Ostwald ripening for the nanoemulsion system are discussed. The addition of a second surfactant could provide more stable nanoemulsions with the minimum size than only one surfactant. Finally, a nanoemulsion composition was optimized and found to be highly stable over a 200-day storage period. The optimum composition for W/O nanoemulsion is isohexadecane/C₁₂E₂/C₁₂E₄/water 70:6:4:20wt%.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	136-142
Number of pages	7
Journal	Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
Volume	370
Issue number	1-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.08.060
State	Published - 05 11 2010

Keywords

Ostwald ripening
Phase inversion temperature (PIT) method
Water-in-oil nanoemulsion

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10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.08.060

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title = "Optimization of water-in-oil nanoemulsions by mixed surfactants",

abstract = "The formation of water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsions in isohexadecane/mixed nonionic surfactant/water system has been achieved by a low-energy emulsification. Effects of polyoxyethylene 2-lauryl ether (C12E2) and polyoxyethylene 4-lauryl ether (C12E4) on the water in isohexadecane emulsions were systematically studied. Ratios of the two-surfactant mixture, surfactant concentrations, and oil fraction were evaluated by gauging droplet size with the aid of photon correlation spectroscopy. Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance temperature (THLB) and phase diagram were used to characterize the nanoemulsion system. The stability of the emulsions prepared was assessed based on the change in droplet size as a function of time. Instability mechanisms including coalescence and Ostwald ripening for the nanoemulsion system are discussed. The addition of a second surfactant could provide more stable nanoemulsions with the minimum size than only one surfactant. Finally, a nanoemulsion composition was optimized and found to be highly stable over a 200-day storage period. The optimum composition for W/O nanoemulsion is isohexadecane/C12E2/C12E4/water 70:6:4:20wt\%.",

keywords = "Ostwald ripening, Phase inversion temperature (PIT) method, Water-in-oil nanoemulsion",

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AU - Peng, Li Ching

AU - Liu, Chi Hsien

AU - Kwan, Chang Chin

AU - Huang, Keh Feng

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Y1 - 2010/11/5

N2 - The formation of water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsions in isohexadecane/mixed nonionic surfactant/water system has been achieved by a low-energy emulsification. Effects of polyoxyethylene 2-lauryl ether (C12E2) and polyoxyethylene 4-lauryl ether (C12E4) on the water in isohexadecane emulsions were systematically studied. Ratios of the two-surfactant mixture, surfactant concentrations, and oil fraction were evaluated by gauging droplet size with the aid of photon correlation spectroscopy. Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance temperature (THLB) and phase diagram were used to characterize the nanoemulsion system. The stability of the emulsions prepared was assessed based on the change in droplet size as a function of time. Instability mechanisms including coalescence and Ostwald ripening for the nanoemulsion system are discussed. The addition of a second surfactant could provide more stable nanoemulsions with the minimum size than only one surfactant. Finally, a nanoemulsion composition was optimized and found to be highly stable over a 200-day storage period. The optimum composition for W/O nanoemulsion is isohexadecane/C12E2/C12E4/water 70:6:4:20wt%.

AB - The formation of water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsions in isohexadecane/mixed nonionic surfactant/water system has been achieved by a low-energy emulsification. Effects of polyoxyethylene 2-lauryl ether (C12E2) and polyoxyethylene 4-lauryl ether (C12E4) on the water in isohexadecane emulsions were systematically studied. Ratios of the two-surfactant mixture, surfactant concentrations, and oil fraction were evaluated by gauging droplet size with the aid of photon correlation spectroscopy. Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance temperature (THLB) and phase diagram were used to characterize the nanoemulsion system. The stability of the emulsions prepared was assessed based on the change in droplet size as a function of time. Instability mechanisms including coalescence and Ostwald ripening for the nanoemulsion system are discussed. The addition of a second surfactant could provide more stable nanoemulsions with the minimum size than only one surfactant. Finally, a nanoemulsion composition was optimized and found to be highly stable over a 200-day storage period. The optimum composition for W/O nanoemulsion is isohexadecane/C12E2/C12E4/water 70:6:4:20wt%.

KW - Ostwald ripening

KW - Phase inversion temperature (PIT) method

KW - Water-in-oil nanoemulsion

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JO - Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects

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ER -

Optimization of water-in-oil nanoemulsions by mixed surfactants

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Keywords

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