Peripheral arterial occlusive disease and its care in hemodialysis patients

The prevalence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) in hemodialysis patients is several times higher than among the general population, and is the main reason for amputations in this group. Patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease face higher hospitalization and mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disease than non-PAOD patients. The ankle brachial index (ABI) is a widely used PAOD screening tool that may under-estimate PAOD prevalence in the hemodialysis population in the presence of extensive vascular calcification. Studies have demonstrated oxygen saturation in the upper and lower limbs and the "Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire " as simple screening methods that, in combination with ABI, can increase screening test effectiveness. Early PAOD detection, risk factor modification, medical treatment, and exercise rehabilitation therapy can improve walking function and reduce mortality in PAOD patients.