Prevalence of severe depressive symptoms increases as death approaches and is associated with disease burden, tangible social support, and high self-perceived burden to others

Siew Tzuh Tang*, Jen Shi Chen, Wen-Chi Chou, Kuan Chia Lin, John Wen-Cheng Chang, Chia Hsun Hsieh, Chiao En Wu

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal Article peer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: Terminally ill cancer patients experience progressive functional decline, accelerating symptom severity, deteriorating social support, and self-perceived burden to others (SPB), predisposing them to depressive symptoms. However, changes in the prevalence of severe depressive symptoms as death approaches and the unique roles of these four variables have not been adequately studied. This study explored longitudinal changes in and associations of symptom distress, functional dependence, social support, and SPB with prevalence of severe depressive symptoms in the last year of life. Methods: A convenience sample of 325 cancer patients was longitudinally followed until death. Prevalence of severe depressive symptoms (score ≥11 on the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) was examined by multivariate logistic regression modeling with the generalized estimating equation. Results: The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms increased as death approached. The likelihood of severe depressive symptoms was significantly higher in patients who had higher levels of symptom distress and functional dependence, received greater tangible support, and reported high SPB, but lower for patients reporting a higher level of affectionate support and positive social interactions with their supportive network. Conclusion: Prevalence of severe depressive symptoms increased as death approached and was associated with several modifiable factors. Healthcare professionals should become familiar with these factors to identify vulnerable patients. To decrease the likelihood of terminally ill cancer patients’ severe depressive symptoms, they should receive effective interventions to manage their symptoms, appropriately foster social support to restore their fragile self-esteem due to depending on others, and lighten their SPB.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)83-91
Number of pages9
JournalSupportive Care in Cancer
Volume24
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 01 01 2016

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Keywords

  • Clinical depression
  • Depressive symptoms
  • End-of-life care
  • Functional dependence
  • Sense of burden to others
  • Social support
  • Symptom distress

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