Sodium butyrate modulates blood pressure and gut microbiota in maternal tryptophan-free diet-induced hypertension rat offspring

Chien Ning Hsu, Hong Ren Yu, I. Chun Lin, Mao Meng Tiao, Li Tung Huang, Chih Yao Hou, Guo Ping Chang-Chien, Sufan Lin, You Lin Tain*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal Article peer-review

26 Scopus citations

Abstract

Maternal nutrition, gut microbiome composition, and metabolites derived from gut microbiota are closely related to the development of hypertension in offspring. A plethora of metabolites generated from diverse tryptophan metabolic pathways show both beneficial and harmful effects. Butyrate, one of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), has shown vasodilation effects. We examined whether sodium butyrate administration in pregnancy and lactation can prevent hypertension induced by a maternal tryptophan-free diet in adult progeny and explored the protective mechanisms. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats received normal chow (CN), tryptophan-free diet (TF), sodium butyrate 400 mg/kg/d in drinking water (CNSB), or TF diet plus sodium butyrate (TFSB) in pregnancy and lactation. Male offspring were sacrificed at the age of 16 weeks (n=8 per group). Compared with normal chow, offspring exposed to the maternal tryptophan-free diet had markedly increased blood pressure, associated with activation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS). Treatment with sodium butyrate rescued maternal TF-exposed offspring from hypertension. The protective effect of sodium butyrate is related to alterations to microbiome composition, increased renal expression of SCFA receptor G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41) and GPR109A, and restoration of RAS balance. In summary, these results suggest that sodium butyrate protects against maternal TF-induced offspring hypertension, likely by modulating gut microbiota, its derived metabolites, and the RAS.

Original languageEnglish
Article number109090
JournalJournal of Nutritional Biochemistry
Volume108
DOIs
StatePublished - 10 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022

Keywords

  • Butyrate
  • Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
  • Gut microbiota
  • Hypertension
  • Renin–angiotensin system
  • Short-chain fatty acid
  • Tryptophan

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