Structural basis for neutralization of enterovirus

Kuan Ying A. Huang

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Outbreaks of enteroviral infections are associated with morbidity and mortality in susceptible individuals worldwide. There are still no antiviral drugs or vaccines against most circulating enteroviruses. Antibody-mediated immunity is crucial for preventing and limiting enteroviral infections. In this review, we focus on enteroviruses that continue to cause endemics in recent years, such as rhinovirus, enterovirus A71, coxsackievirus, and echovirus, and introduce a structural understanding of the mechanisms of virus neutralization. The mechanisms by which virus-specific antibodies neutralize enteroviruses have been explored not only through study of viral structures, but also through understanding virus-antibody interactions at the amino acid level. Neutralizing epitopes are predominantly mapped on the canyon northern rim, canyon inner surface, canyon southern rim, and twofold and threefold plateaus of the capsid, where surface-exposed loops are located. This review also describes recent progress in deciphering the virus-receptor complex and structural rearrangements involved in the uncoating process, providing insight into plausible virus neutralization mechanisms.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)199-206
Number of pages8
JournalCurrent Opinion in Virology
Volume51
DOIs
StatePublished - 12 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.

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