Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Type A Intramural Hematoma and Retrograde Thrombosed Type A Aortic Dissection: A Single-Center Experience

Background: The aim of this study is to present our experience of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for type A intramural hematoma (TAIMH) and retrograde thrombosed type A aortic dissection (rt-TAAD) with the entry tear in the descending aorta or the abdominal aorta and discuss the outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed total 6 patients who underwent TEVAR for TAIMH (n = 2) or rt-TAAD (n = 4) in our hospital between September 2017 and July 2019. The mean age of the patients (5 men and 1 woman) was 74 ± 13 years, and the mean follow-up duration was 13 ± 7 months. Results: TEVAR was successfully performed in the acute phase in all patients without relevant complications. After TEVAR, the shrinkage of enlarged thoracic aorta and complete resorptions of the false lumen of the entire thoracic aorta were achieved in 4 patients. In the remaining 2 patients, one had residual thrombosed false lumen of the ascending aorta due to a new development of PAU at the distal aortic arch and another needed additional endovascular intervention for ascending aorta hematoma progression. Late aorta-related adverse event was observed in one patient, who needed open aortic repair. There was no death during follow-up. Conclusions: Tear-oriented endovascular aortic repair is a potential option in selected patients of TAIMH and rt-TAAD and has shown favorable immediate outcomes and aortic remodeling. However, the late aorta-related adverse event is not negligible, and their long-term outcome has not been fully clarified. More research is warranted.