Vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis activity in open and closed kinetic chain exercises in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: An electromyographic study

Objective: To evaluate the electromyographic activities of vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles in open and closed kinetic chain exercises in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Design: Case-controlled study. Setting: Rehabilitation science center in a tertiary medical center. Participants: Ten patients with bilateral knee pain diagnosed with PFPS and 10 healthy volunteers. Interventions: Subjects performed open kinetic chain exercise on an isokinetic dynamometer and closed kinetic chain exercise by squat-to-stand and stand-to-squat tasks. Surface electromyography was done for the VMO and VL muscles. Main Outcome Measures: VMO/VL ratios were calculated after normalization of muscle activities. Results: The VMO/VL ratios of PFPS subjects were significantly lower than were those of unimpaired subjects during knee isokinetic closed kinetic chain exercises (p=.047). However, there was no statistical difference in VMO/VL ratio between subjects with and without PFPS during closed kinetic chain exercises (p=.623). Maximum VMO/VL ratio was obtained at 60° knee flexion in closed kinetic chain exercise. Conclusion: In closed kinetic chain exercises, more selective VMO activation can be obtained at 60° knee flexion. Maximal VMO/VL ratio was observed at this knee flexion angle, and muscle contraction intensity was also greatest.