TY - JOUR
T1 - Who pays for health care in Asia?
AU - O'Donnell, Owen
AU - van Doorslaer, Eddy
AU - Rannan-Eliya, Ravi P.
AU - Somanathan, Aparnaa
AU - Adhikari, Shiva Raj
AU - Akkazieva, Baktygul
AU - Harbianto, Deni
AU - Garg, Charu C.
AU - Hanvoravongchai, Piya
AU - Herrin, Alejandro N.
AU - Huq, Mohammed N.
AU - Ibragimova, Shamsia
AU - Karan, Anup
AU - Kwon, Soon man
AU - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU - Lu, Jui fen Rachel
AU - Ohkusa, Yasushi
AU - Pande, Badri Raj
AU - Racelis, Rachel
AU - Tin, Keith
AU - Tisayaticom, Kanjana
AU - Trisnantoro, Laksono
AU - Wan, Quan
AU - Yang, Bong Min
AU - Zhao, Yuxin
PY - 2008/3
Y1 - 2008/3
N2 - We estimate the distributional incidence of health care financing in 13 Asian territories that account for 55% of the Asian population. In all territories, higher-income households contribute more to the financing of health care. The better-off contribute more as a proportion of ability to pay in most low- and lower-middle-income territories. Health care financing is slightly regressive in three high-income economies with universal social insurance. Direct taxation is the most progressive source of finance and is most so in poorer economies. In universal systems, social insurance is proportional to regressive. In high-income economies, the out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are proportional or regressive while in low-income economies the better-off spend relatively more OOP. But in most low-/middle-income countries, the better-off not only pay more, they also get more health care.
AB - We estimate the distributional incidence of health care financing in 13 Asian territories that account for 55% of the Asian population. In all territories, higher-income households contribute more to the financing of health care. The better-off contribute more as a proportion of ability to pay in most low- and lower-middle-income territories. Health care financing is slightly regressive in three high-income economies with universal social insurance. Direct taxation is the most progressive source of finance and is most so in poorer economies. In universal systems, social insurance is proportional to regressive. In high-income economies, the out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are proportional or regressive while in low-income economies the better-off spend relatively more OOP. But in most low-/middle-income countries, the better-off not only pay more, they also get more health care.
KW - Asia
KW - Equity
KW - Health care financing
KW - Progressivity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=40849145514&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.08.005
DO - 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.08.005
M3 - 文章
C2 - 18179832
AN - SCOPUS:40849145514
SN - 0167-6296
VL - 27
SP - 460
EP - 475
JO - Journal of Health Economics
JF - Journal of Health Economics
IS - 2
ER -