Antireflection layer of ZnO nanorod embedded in PDMS film for enhancing omnidirectional photovoltaic performance of CIGS photovoltaic cell

In this study, a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) ARL with embedded ZnO-NRs was fabricated on the surfaces of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) solar cells using the chemical solution method. Under the conditions of an AM1.5G solar spectrum, the application of the PDMS ARL of embedded ZnO-NRs on the surface of a CIGS solar cell can effectively increase the conversion efficiency of the solar cell from 7.23% to 7.79%. In addition, broadband and omnidirectional light harvesting are important as the sun moves over time; therefore, omnidirectional anti-reflection applications of various ARLs on CIGS photovoltaic cells were also studied.