TY - JOUR
T1 - Comprehensive Co-Inhibitory Receptor (Co-IR) Expression on T Cells and Soluble Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis
AU - Wang, Chin Man
AU - Jan Wu, Yeong Jian
AU - Huang, Li Yu
AU - Zheng, Jian Wen
AU - Chen, Ji Yih
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024/2/26
Y1 - 2024/2/26
N2 - UNLABELLED: Co-inhibitory receptors (Co-IRs) are essential in controlling the progression of immunopathology in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by limiting T cell activation. The objective of this investigation was to determine the phenotypic expression of Co-IR T cells and to assess the levels of serum soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3 in Taiwanese RA patients.METHODS: Co-IRs T cells were immunophenotyped employing multicolor flow cytometry, and ELISA was utilized for measuring soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3. Correlations have been detected across the percentage of T cells expressing Co-IRs (MFI) and different indicators in the blood, including ESR, high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP), 28 joint disease activity scores (DAS28), and soluble PD-1/PDL-2/TIM3.RESULTS: In RA patients, we recognized elevated levels of PD-1 (CD279), CTLA-4, and TIGIT in CD4+ T cells; TIGIT, HLA-DR, TIM3, and LAG3 in CD8+ T cells; and CD8+CD279+TIM3+, CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+ T cells. The following tests were revealed to be correlated with hsCRP: CD4/CD279 MFI, CD4/CD279%, CD4/TIM3%, CD8/TIM3%, CD8/TIM3 MFI, CD8/LAG3%, and CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+%. CD8/LAG3 and CD8/TIM3 MFIs are linked to ESR. DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP exhibited relationships with CD4/CD127 MFI, CD8/CD279%, and CD8/CD127 MFI, respectively. CD4+CD279+TIM3+% was correlated with DAS28-ESR (
p = 0.0084, N = 46), DAS28-CRP (
p = 0.007, N = 47), and hsCRP (
p = 0.002, N = 56), respectively. In the serum of patients with RA, levels of soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and Tim3 were extremely elevated. CD4+ TIM3+% (
p = 0.0089, N = 46) and CD8+ TIM3+% (
p = 0.0305, N = 46) were correlated with sTIM3 levels; sPD1 levels were correlated with CD4+CD279+% (
p < 0.0001, N = 31) and CD3+CD279+% (
p = 0.0084, N = 30).
CONCLUSIONS: Co-IR expressions on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3 levels, could function as indicators of disease activity and potentially play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of RA.
AB - UNLABELLED: Co-inhibitory receptors (Co-IRs) are essential in controlling the progression of immunopathology in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by limiting T cell activation. The objective of this investigation was to determine the phenotypic expression of Co-IR T cells and to assess the levels of serum soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3 in Taiwanese RA patients.METHODS: Co-IRs T cells were immunophenotyped employing multicolor flow cytometry, and ELISA was utilized for measuring soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3. Correlations have been detected across the percentage of T cells expressing Co-IRs (MFI) and different indicators in the blood, including ESR, high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP), 28 joint disease activity scores (DAS28), and soluble PD-1/PDL-2/TIM3.RESULTS: In RA patients, we recognized elevated levels of PD-1 (CD279), CTLA-4, and TIGIT in CD4+ T cells; TIGIT, HLA-DR, TIM3, and LAG3 in CD8+ T cells; and CD8+CD279+TIM3+, CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+ T cells. The following tests were revealed to be correlated with hsCRP: CD4/CD279 MFI, CD4/CD279%, CD4/TIM3%, CD8/TIM3%, CD8/TIM3 MFI, CD8/LAG3%, and CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+%. CD8/LAG3 and CD8/TIM3 MFIs are linked to ESR. DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP exhibited relationships with CD4/CD127 MFI, CD8/CD279%, and CD8/CD127 MFI, respectively. CD4+CD279+TIM3+% was correlated with DAS28-ESR (
p = 0.0084, N = 46), DAS28-CRP (
p = 0.007, N = 47), and hsCRP (
p = 0.002, N = 56), respectively. In the serum of patients with RA, levels of soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and Tim3 were extremely elevated. CD4+ TIM3+% (
p = 0.0089, N = 46) and CD8+ TIM3+% (
p = 0.0305, N = 46) were correlated with sTIM3 levels; sPD1 levels were correlated with CD4+CD279+% (
p < 0.0001, N = 31) and CD3+CD279+% (
p = 0.0084, N = 30).
CONCLUSIONS: Co-IR expressions on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3 levels, could function as indicators of disease activity and potentially play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of RA.
KW - co-inhibitory receptors
KW - disease activity
KW - RA
KW - T cell
KW - HLA-DR Antigens
KW - Humans
KW - Receptors, Immunologic
KW - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
KW - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
KW - Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2
KW - Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85187887827&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/cells13050403
DO - 10.3390/cells13050403
M3 - 文章
C2 - 38474367
AN - SCOPUS:85187887827
SN - 2073-4409
VL - 13
JO - Cells
JF - Cells
IS - 5
M1 - 403
ER -
