Human adipose-derived stem cells: Isolation, characterization and current application in regeneration medicine

Stem cell techniques and tissue engineering are the foundation of the emerging field of regenerative medicine, which requires a stable source of stem or progenitor cells. Adipose tissue has been proven to serve as an alternative, rich source of adult stem cells with multipotent ability. There has been increased interest in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for tissue engineering applications. Here, we review the current techniques for isolating, cultivating, and differentiating ADSCs, and describe them in detail. The results from many studies that we summarize in this review indicate that ADSCs and their secretory factors show great promise for use in stem cell therapy.