Lateral flow immunoassay with stacking effect for the high sensitive Staphylococcus aureus detection

In this paper, we introduce an innovative “stacking pad” for an extended binding interaction of antigen and antibodies to enhance the detection sensitivity. The concept is adapted from a stacking gel of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) which allows for proteins to stack in a concentrated area and expend the reaction time. We also examined various materials as the stacking pad to push the detection limit of the initial colorimetric signal. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed platform, Protein A, a specific product of Staphylococcus aureus was chosen as a targeted biomarker. As a result, Protein A can be accurately visible at the 1 ng/mL detection limit in 20 min.