Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of breast cancer

There is not sufficient evidence to prove a causal association between postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) and breast cancer, and the degree of this association remains controversial. Although HT is the most effective method of relieving climacteric symptoms, the possible risk of breast cancer associated with long-term HT usage should not be ignored. Since the effect of HT on breast cancer risk may be related to individual susceptibility, we recommend close follow-up in those with increased breast density or any other high risk factors.