Surgical Outcomes in the Treatment of Concomitant Mild Acetabular Dysplasia and Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review

Purpose: To analyze the current approaches and clinical outcomes in the surgical management of concomitant mild acetabular dysplasia and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Methods: Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) method, the PubMed and Medline databases were searched in March 2019 for studies that reported on surgical outcomes in hips with concomitant mid acetabular dysplasia and FAI. Studies published in English that focused on the surgical outcomes after hip arthroscopy, open surgery, or periacetabular osteotomy of concomitant acetabular dysplasia and FAI, in which the lateral center-edge angle of all subjects was between 15° and 25°, were included. Articles that included subjects with lateral center-edge angle <15°, with a minimum follow-up duration <1 year, had <5 subjects, or were not original articles were excluded. Results: The initial search yielded 748 studies, and 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. All these 5 studies focused on hip arthroscopic treatment for patients with concomitant mild acetabular dysplasia and FAI. Three studies had level III evidence, whereas 2 studies had level IV evidence. The mean patient age range across the studies was 29.8 to 49.6 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 1.14. Improved patient-reported outcomes (Hip Outcome Score—Activities of Daily Living, Hip Outcome Score—Sport, modified Harris Hip Score, Short Form-12 Physical Component Summary, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) at a minimum 2-year follow-up were obtained in 4 of the 5 studies. Two of these 4 studies had a comparative cohort of patients with FAI with normal acetabular coverage, and there was no significant difference in the postoperative outcomes and secondary procedure rate between patients with mild acetabular dysplasia and those with normal acetabular coverage. Conclusions: This systematic review indicates that improved patient-reported outcomes can be obtained with hip arthroscopy in the treatment of concomitant mild acetabular dysplasia and FAI at a minimum 2-year follow-up. Level of Evidence: Level IV, systematic review of Level III and Level IV studies.